Rawls refers to this last proposition as the difference principle.Īn important element of Rawls’s two principles is that the first principle, that requiring equal liberty, is given priority to the second principle, and within the second principle equal opportunity is given priority to the difference principle. that social and economic inequalities must be arranged so that they benefit the least-advantaged members of society.that offices and positions are open to all under conditions of fair equality of opportunity, and.
each person has the same claim to a full scheme of equal basic liberties. Through the original position, Rawls reasons the two principles of justice, which dictate that: This thought experiment leads Rawls down a social contractarian philosophical journey that addresses distributive justice from a Kantian perspective, with the aim of offering an alternative to utilitarian doctrines. In the original position, mutually-disinterested rational persons, in a hypothetical original situation, shielded from the particulars of society and their place in it by what Rawls calls the veil of ignorance, agree on the kind of society in which they choose to live. To do this, Rawls employs a thought experiment called the original position. 
and raising the prospects of the least advantaged in society.
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